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You are already familiar with the idea of rectangular co-ordinates
where two perpendicular intersecting lines called axes are used as reference lines
for locating points in a plane.
Rectangular co-ordinates are ordered pairs in which the first element is called the abscissa
and the second element is called the ordinate.
Section Formula :
It is used to find the co-ordinates of a point
that divides the line segment joining two given points in a given ratio.
Let P and Q be two given points in the coordinate plane, and
R be the point which divides PQ (internally ) in the given rato
The co-ordinates of R are
Mid-point Formula:
Let P and Q be the two given points
and R be the mid-point of the line segment PQ, then
the co-ordinates of R are
In a problem where it is required to find the ratio
when a given point divides the line segment joining two given points,
it is convenient to take the ratio as
Section formula becomes
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